Abstract
Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), sometimes denoted as an 'Advanced Static VAr Compensator', is a Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) device connected in parallel with a power system that is capable to exchange reactive power with the system in both directions. The terms 'compensator' and 'synchronous' indicate that the device is equivalent to an ideal synchronous generator, which produces a set of three‐phase fundamental frequency sinusoidal voltages. The STATCOM device is mainly used for dynamic compensation in power systems, it can provide fast (dynamic) voltage support and might also be used for transient stability margin enhancement or oscillation damping improvement. The STATCOM consists of a voltage‐sourced converter (VSC), a magnetic circuit (MC), a shunt coupling transformer, a shunt breaker, and a control and protection unit. In a VSC, a number of square wave voltages are generated at fundamental frequency by operating the controllable semiconductor switches once per cycle of the fundamental frequency.
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