Static Simulation and Analyses of Mower’s ROPS Behavior in a Finite Element Model

Abstract

The goal of this research was to numerically predict the maximum lateral force acting on a mower rollover protective structure (ROPS) and the energy absorbed by the ROPS during a lateral continuous roll. A finite element (FE) model of the ROPS was developed using elastic and plastic theories including nonlinear relationships between stresses and strains in the plastic deformation range. Model validation was performed using field measurements of ROPS behavior in a lateral continuous roll on a purpose-designed test slope. Field tests determined the maximum deformation of the ROPS of a 900 kg John Deere F925 mower with a 183 cm (72 in.) mowing deck during an actual lateral roll on a pad and on soil. In the FE model, lateral force was gradually added to the ROPS until the field-measured maximum deformation was achieved. The results from the FE analysis indicated that the top corners of the ROPS enter slightly into the plastic deformation region. Maximum lateral forces acting on the ROPS during the simulated impact with the pad and soil were 19650 N and 22850 N, respectively. The FE model predicted that the energy absorbed by the ROPS (643 J) in the lateral roll test on the pad was less than the static test requirements (1575 J) of Organization for Economic Development (OECD) Code 6. In addition, the energy absorbed by the ROPS (1813 J) in the test on the soil met the static test requirements (1575 J). Both the FE model and the field test results indicated that the deformed ROPS of the F925 mower with deck did not intrude into the occupant clearance zone during the lateral continuous or non-continuous roll.