Abstract
We study static magnetic susceptibility chi (T, mu ) in SU(2) lattice gauge theory with N_f = 2 light flavours of dynamical fermions at finite chemical potential mu . Using linear response theory we find that SU(2) gauge theory exhibits paramagnetic behavior in both the high-temperature deconfined regime and the low-temperature confining regime. Paramagnetic response becomes stronger at higher temperatures and larger values of the chemical potential. For our range of temperatures 0.727 le T/T_c le 2.67, the first coefficient of the expansion of chi left( T, mu right) in even powers of mu /T around mu =0 is close to that of free quarks and lies in the range (2, ldots , 5) cdot 10^{-3}. The strongest paramagnetic response is found in the diquark condensation phase at mu >mpi /2.
Highlights
One of the fundamental quantities that characterize the response of some medium to the applied external magnetic field H is the magnetic susceptibility χ
In this paper we study the effect of finite chemical potential on the magnetic susceptibility in SU (2) lattice gauge theory with N f = 2 mass-degenerate light dynamical quarks, which is free of the fermionic sign problem at all values of the chemical potential [17,18]
Very deep in the diquark condensation phase and at low temperatures, the physics of SU (2) gauge theory is expected to resemble that of the conjectured quarkyonic phase [19,20]
Summary
One of the fundamental quantities that characterize the response of some medium to the applied external magnetic field H is the magnetic susceptibility χ. A zero-temperature, finite-density calculation within the Fermi liquid model [16] shows a nontrivial density dependence of magnetic susceptibility, with change of sign and singular behavior at some critical density This behavior appears to be quickly washed out due to thermal effects in favor of purely paramagnetic response. Very deep in the diquark condensation phase and at low temperatures, the physics of SU (2) gauge theory is expected to resemble that of the conjectured quarkyonic phase [19,20] Another conceptually similar approach to avoid the sign problem is to study SU (3) gauge theory, but at finite isospin chemical potential μI [21]. Lattice QCD simulations cannot reach zero temperature, and we subtract the value of χ0 at the lowest temperature
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