Static magnetic field of 0.2–0.4 T promotes the recovery of hindlimb unloading-induced bone loss in mice

Abstract

Purpose Bone loss is one of the most serious medical problem associated with prolonged weightlessness in long-term spaceflight mission. Skeletal reloading after prolonged spaceflight have indicated incomplete recovery of lost bone, which may lead to an increased risk of fractures in astronauts when returning to Earth. Substantial studies have revealed the capacity of static magnetic fields (SMFs) on treating various bone disorders, whereas it is unknown whether SMFs have the potential regulatory effects on bone quality in unloaded mice during unloading. This study was conducted to investigate the potential effects of whole-body SMF exposure with 0.2–0.4 T on the recovery of unloading-induced bone loss. Materials and methods Eight‐week‐old male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to hindlimb unloading (HLU) for 4 weeks, following the mice were reloaded for 4 weeks under geomagnetic field (GMF) and SMF of 0.2–0.4 T. Bone quality indexes, including bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), bone microarchitecture, and bone mechanical properties were examined by the measurement of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), and 3-point bending. Bone turnover was evaluated by bone histomorphometric and serum biochemical assay. Results We found that SMF exposure for 4 weeks significantly promoted the recovery in HLU-induced decrease of BMD and BMC, deterioration of bone microarchitecture, and reduction of bone strength. The results from bone turnover determination revealed that SMF exposure for 4 weeks induced lower osteoclast number of trabecular bone and serum TRAP-5b levels in reloaded mice, whereas SMF showed no significant alteration in skeletal osteoblast number and serum osteocalcin levels. Conclusions Together, our findings suggest that SMF of 0.2–0.4 T facilitated the recovery of unloading-induced bone loss by inhibiting the increase of bone resorption in reloaded mice, and indicate that SMF might become a promising biophysical countermeasure for maintaining bone health in astronauts after landing.