Static analysis for the development of the steering mechanism system in the large bus as a preliminary study for conversion of hydraulic power steering to electric power steering

Abstract

Universitas Indonesia has developed several types of electric vehicles as conversions from conventional vehicles. Among these types of vehicles that have succeeded are city car and bus types. Electric buses currently use the ladder frame chassis system. In this chassis system there is a hydraulic steering system. In order to develop a hydraulic steering system into an electric steering system, it is necessary to study the existing mechanism of the steering system. Static analysis is a form of study of this mechanism to determine how much the forces acting on each link. The steering mechanism system on this bus has a different shape from a vehicle such as a city car. The differences include the distance from the steering wheel to the front axle is relatively far. Due to this long distance, there are many links that build this mechanism. Static force on the front wheels of 6 tons will continue to the steering wheel. Deciphering the forces between links needs to be done so that you can definitely work with each link's force. After the force of each link is obtained, the stress acting on each bar will be used for the selection of the appropriate material. The use of local materials will be simulated through CAD software to obtain the smallest safety factor produced. Shape and size simulations will be carried out in this analysis to obtain optimum results for each link in this steering mechanism. Transfer of force from the wheel to the steering rod through a six-link mechanism. The material used is S45C JIS G 4051 equivalent to local content material KS 1045. The maximum stress that occurs at the drop link extension is 190.72 MPa and at the drop link is 569 MPa.