Abstract
A number of developed countries are rapidly turning into super-aged societies. Consequently, the demand for reduced surgical invasiveness and enhanced efficiency in the medical field has increased due to the need to reduce the physical burden on older patients and shorten their recovery period. Intelligent surgical robot systems offer high precision, high safety, and reduced invasiveness. This paper presents a review of current intelligent surgical robot systems. The history of robots and three types of intelligent surgical robots are discussed. The problems with current surgical robot systems are then analyzed. Several aspects that should be considered in designing new surgical systems are discussed in detail. The paper ends with a summary of the work and a discussion of future prospects for surgical robot development.
Highlights
Personal robots have long been expected to be used in practical applications
Surgical simulations must be conducted in a virtual surgical environment using model reproduction technology to predict organ tissue deformation that might occur during operation
In the medical health field, intelligent surgical robots and other medical robots combine to form a line of defense for human health
Summary
Personal robots have long been expected to be used in practical applications. this expectation has yet to materialize because of two factors. A year later, a remote transoceanic surgery was performed successfully using the ZEUS surgical robot system [33] During this period, significant progress was made in robot systems for application in other fields. Other current research is similar to the research described above and is intended to develop smart and safe mechanisms and convenient operating methods for single-port robot systems [57,59] Another type of intelligent surgical robot system is the RNIS. Unlike multiport and single-port robot systems, an RNIS inserts the required surgical tools into the target tissue to perform treatment directly. Multiple experimental results showed that the bevel tip angle strongly affects needle deformation [88,89] and that the introduction of a tissue model during needle insertion control will increase the accuracy of needle tip positioning [90]
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