State-variable Synthesis of Electronically-Controllable Sinusoidal Oscillators

Abstract

This paper presents a state-variable synthesis of a class of electronically-controllable sinusoidal oscillator circuits which employ Multiple output second generation controlled current conveyors (CCCII) as active elements, do not require any external passive resistors and employ only two grounded capacitors (GC). The systematic synthesis yields a class of fourteen new oscillators all of which provide independent electronic controls of both the frequency of oscillation and condition of oscillation through separate external bias currents. All the aforementioned features make the synthesized oscillators attractive from the view point of integrated circuit implementation. The workability of the derived circuits has been confirmed from SPICE simulations and some sample results are included. Based upon their performance, evaluated through simulations, the new circuits have been compared with those previously known as well as among themselves and the best circuits of the derived set have been identified.