STATE TRANSFER INSTEAD OF TELEPORTATION IN MEASUREMENT-BASED QUANTUM COMPUTATION

Abstract

Quantum measurement is universal for quantum computation. The model of quantum computation introduced by Nielsen and further developed by Leung relies on a generalized form of teleportation. In order to simulate any n-qubit unitary transformation with this model, four auxiliary qubits are required. Moreover Leung exhibited a universal family of observables composed of one one-qubit measurement and four two-qubit measurements. We introduce a model of quantum computation via measurements only, relying on state transfer: state transfer only retains the part of teleportation which is necessary for computation. In order to simulate any n-qubit unitary transformation with this new model, only one auxiliary qubit is required. Moreover we exhibit a universal family of observables composed of three one-qubit measurements and only one two-qubit measurement. This model improves those of Nielsen and Leung in terms of both the number of auxiliary qubits and the number of two-qubit measurements required for quantum universality. In both cases, the minimal amounts of necessary resources are now reached: one auxiliary qubit (because measurement is destructive) and one two-qubit measurement (for creating entanglement).