State of the art research of immediate loading technique and single dental implants: a systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: The use of dental implants in the rehabilitation of partially or edentulous patients followed an implant submersion protocol for 3-6 months during osseointegration. Currently, the immediate loading implant (ILI) is considered to offer many advantages for the patient and the clinician, including maintaining the height of the soft tissues and increasing the peri-implant bone density. Also, ILI is associated with reductions in patient pain, time, and material, with success rates of 95 to 100% being reported. Objective: To demonstrate the clinical success indexes of the immediate loading technique, to present the criteria of indication and the follow-up of the procedures. Methods: The rules of the Systematic Review-PRISMA Platform were followed. The research was carried out in February to May 2022 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: The analysis of the bibliography obtained showed that the success rates with the ILI technique are compatible with those of the late load, as long as certain guidelines are followed that were divided into factors related to the patient, the surgical technique, and the implant, the prosthesis and to aesthetics. The high success rate is a consequence of the correct surgical and prosthetic planning, and harmony between the implant system, patient, and dental surgeon. As for the region, currently, it can be said that ILI in total jaw rehabilitation is a procedure with high success rates that should and can be applied in all cases where the technique is efficient to provide adequate primary stability to the implants. Therefore, the technical improvement of the dentist becomes the main condition for this philosophy to be applied.