STATE OF HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME

Abstract

Introduction. The most common cause of vision loss in case of diabetes is retinal pathology (diabetic retinopathy). The study of blood pressure levels in blood serum in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes is a promising direction of research with the aim of studying the links of the pathogenesis of the development of this pathology, diagnosis, and possible prognosis of the disease
 The aim of the study: to find out the peculiarities of humoral immune dysfunction in patients with diabetic retinopathy against the background of metabolic syndrome
 Results and discussion. PSA increases in patients with decompensated diabetes (by 1.2 times compared to the control group). We found a statistically significant increase in the level of Ig A in patients of group 2 by 2.5 times compared to the control group and by 1.5 times compared to group 1. The content of Ig M exceeds the control indicator by 2.3 times and in group 1 by 1.7 times. The level of Ig G increased compared to the control indicator by 1.4 times, and did not differ from the indicator in group 1. The content of CIC in group 2 exceeded the indicators in the control group by 1.4 times and by 2 times the indicators in group 1, which indicates a higher probability of occurrence of III-type hypersensitivity reactions in the group of non-insulin-dependent patients with DR.
 Probable strong correlations of the concentration of immunoglobulins with other indicators in group 2 were revealed, which may indicate the preservation of relationships between immune indicators in compensated diabetes.
 The analysis of the ratio of the indicators implies the predominant activation of a specific link of humoral immunity and suggests the chronicity of the process, in the group of non-insulin-dependent patients there is a pronounced activation of humoral protection on the mucous membranes, as well as a predominant activation of early humoral immune mechanisms.
 Conclusion. Determination of the content of humoral factors of immunity in blood serum often does not reveal a probable difference. Therefore, it is advisable to determine the ratio of indicators. The obtained data indicate more pronounced changes in indicators of specific humoral immunity - immunoglobulins in patients with diabetic retinopathy, compared to the indicator of systemic inflammation - SRP.