Abstract
Nano-bio-technology-enabled tissue engineering strategies have emerged as an innovative and promising technique in the field of regenerative medical science. The design and development of multi-functional smart bio-materials compatible to human physiology is crucial to achieving the required biological function with a reduced negative biological response. Several medical bio-implants have been tested to boost life expectancy and better-quality life. The concept of biocompatibility focusses on body acceptance and no harmful effects after implantation which require shaping the properties of materials synthesis, surface functionalization, and bio-functionality. Such developed bioactive and biodegradable materials have been utilized to achieve the required function at a specific period and sustainability to withstand the surrounding tissues for treating severe injuries and diseases. Thus, exploring new approaches to design multifunctional biocompatible advanced nanostructure to develop next-generation therapies for tissue engineering, this mini-review is an attempt to summarize the advancements in bio-functional smart materials. The review focuses on bio-mimic materials, bio-materials, self-assembly bio-materials, bio-printing functional hydrogels, new polymeric architectures, and hybrid synthetic-natural hydrogels in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). This mini-review will serve as a guideline to design future research where the selection of a smart multi-functional bio-material is crucial to obtain best TERM performance.
Highlights
Body tissues possess a highly organized structure and unique composition that help in providing mechanical and transport support to regulate biological and cellular function
The use of biological molecules such as extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and synthetic biomaterials can be effective for controlled stem cell differentiation
This construct was designed for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM), and when amount of glucose was elevated, results were shown by an increase in insulin level (Bal et al, 2017)
Summary
Body tissues possess a highly organized structure and unique composition that help in providing mechanical and transport support to regulate biological and cellular function. Several strategies are being developed to restore CM functions using various cell sources, scaffold types, and fabrication methods (Figure 2A). The use of biological molecules such as ECM proteins and synthetic biomaterials can be effective for controlled stem cell differentiation.
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