Abstract
This paper reviews current state-of-the-art methods of measuring pH levels that are based on polymer materials. These include polymer-coated fibre optic sensors, devices with electrodes modified with pH-sensitive polymers, fluorescent pH indicators, potentiometric pH sensors as well as sensors that use combinatory approach for ion concentration monitoring.
Highlights
Hydrogen ion is ubiquitous species encountered in most chemical reactions [1]
Litmus indicators and other above-mentioned pH sensors are still widely used in numerous areas, considerable research interest is focused on the development of chemical or biological sensors using functional polymers
The basic concept of the optical methods of pH measurement relies on the fact that the incident beam of light is passed through a light guide to the active end of the sensor where it interacts with the chemical indicator, which alters the beam’s intensity, usually by absorption or by fluorescence [1]
Summary
Hydrogen ion is ubiquitous species encountered in most chemical reactions [1]. Ionselective field effect transistors, two terminal microsensors, fibre optic and fluorescent sensor, metal oxide and conductometric pH-sensing devices have been developed [2, 3]. These types of devices can often suffer from instability or drift and, require constant re-calibration. Litmus indicators and other above-mentioned pH sensors are still widely used in numerous areas, considerable research interest is focused on the development of chemical or biological sensors using functional polymers. Nonconductive polymers usually have a high selective response and a high impedance, which is important for eliminating interference by other electroactive species [10]
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