State Financial Support for the Green Bioeconomy Vector of Development of the Agricultural Sector of the EU and Slovakia in the Half-Crisis Period

Abstract

Abstract In the article, a theoretical study of the legislative framework, and various strategic directions in the field of agricultural policy, based on bioeconomics, is carried out. The world crises of recent years, the negative consequences of COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine in terms of the state of food markets have clearly demonstrated the importance of state support for the agricultural sector. The negative impact on the agricultural sector was manifested in price dynamics. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to fluctuations in food prices. However, after the first shock, prices jumped sharply between May 2020 and May 2021 as restrictions on the supply of food products were introduced. The market fundamentals of supply and demand, as well as the dynamics of the exchange rate, determine the evolution of world prices. In 2022, the increase in prices for agricultural products reflects several problems that have arisen at the current stage of world development in connection with the war in Ukraine. Violation of export deliveries from Ukraine led to a fluctuation of prices, and the rise in the cost of fuel and fertilizers serves as additional factors for rising food prices. The rebalancing of the markets continues throughout 2023 and possibly will continue in 2024. To overcome the negative phenomena in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to strengthen state support and revise approaches to financing the “green economy“ as part of the agrarian policy reform. The article aims to analyse the plans for state financial support for the green direction of the development of the agrarian sphere in the EU countries and Slovakia.