State estimation models of district heating networks for integrated energy system considering incomplete measurements

Abstract

State estimation is a critical method for operation state evaluation and energy management optimization in the district heating network. However, state estimation with full measurements is impractical for engineering due to the economic and technical barriers. In this paper, the state estimation models with incomplete measurement configurations based on the united thermal equations are proposed for the district heating network. Two typical regulation modes are taken into consideration for comprehensive applications. To accommodate the features of different regulation modes, a linear least-squares algorithm is developed for models of quality regulation, a bi-level optimization algorithm based on incremental linearization is developed for models of quantity regulation. Results show that the proposed models possess the strong applicability for the system with different measurement configurations, and the solution algorithm can provide accurate estimations of the states with robustness. Compared with the full measurement model, the proposed method is more practical for engineering applications.