Startle reflex and sensitisation—How are these biological phenomena relevant to wind turbine noise exposure?

Abstract

Recent laboratory and field research has identified strong amplitude modulation as a trigger for sleep disturbance via acute physiological stress events. Reported, observed, and objectively recorded sudden increases in heart rate as part of a “flight fight response” during both day and night time noise exposure suggests that direct stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system via the startle reflex response may be involved. Mammalian field research has demonstrated that repeated elicitation of the acoustic startle reflex leads to observed sensitisation. Sensitization is also observed in Individuals chronically exposed to amplitude modulated industrial noise from sources including wind turbines. Relevant existing scientific literature, and examples of these events will be discussed.