Abstract
Studies are presented on bismuth (III) and bismuth (V) derivatives of starch. Bismuth (III) derivatives of starch were prepared by reaction of either bismuth trichloride or bismuth tri- tert-pentoxide with either granular or activated potato starch. Bismuth (V) starch derivatives were prepared by heating a solid blend of activated starch and NaBiO 3 in a microwave oven. Thermal analysis (thermogravimetry—TGA, differential thermogravimetry—DTGA, and differential thermal analysis—DTA) as well as IR- and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies showed that starch reacted with bismuth (III) alkoxide by substitution of its one alkoxide group with one hydroxyl group of the d-glucose unit. d-Glucose units bound no more than two Bi(O-akyl) 2 groups. d-Glucose units reacted with BiCl 3 in benzene with the evolution of hydrochloride which hydrolysed starch to dextrins. Starch was crosslinked on heating with sodium bismuthate. Bismuthated starches were slightly less thermally stable than original starches.
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