Abstract
BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus is a global public health issue in both community and hospital settings. Management of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections are tough owing to its resistance to many antibiotics. Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) antibiotics are commonly used for the management of MRSA. This study was aimed to determine the occurrence of inducible clindamycin- and methicillin-resistant S. aureus at a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal.MethodsA total of 1027 clinical samples were processed following standard laboratory procedures and antibiotic susceptibility testing of S. aureus was performed by disc diffusion method. MRSA isolates were detected phenotypically using cefoxitin disc, and inducible clindamycin resistance was detected phenotypically using the D-zone test.ResultsOf 1027 samples, 321 (31.2%) were culture positive, of which 38 (11.8%) were S. aureus. All S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, and 25 (67%) of S. aureus isolates were multidrug-resistant. Similarly, 15 (39.5%) of S. aureus were MRSA and 14 (36.5%) were inducible clindamycin-resistant phenotypes.ConclusionInducible clindamycin and methicillin resistance were common in S. aureus. This emphasizes that the methicillin resistance test and the D-zone test should be incorporated into the routine antibiotic susceptibility testing in hospital settings.
Highlights
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections [1]
Antibiotics like vancomycin, linezolid, quinupristin, and dalfopristin have long been the preferred choice for the management of such methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates
S. aureus; *body fluids = CSF, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, throat swabs, vaginal swabs; percentage calculated on respective row total of preceding columnsIn susceptibility testing, all isolates of S. aureus were susceptible to vancomycin and 33 (86.8%) were susceptible to amikacin
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections [1]. The rampant use of antibiotics has increased the selective pressure on bacteria, resulting in the emergence of drug resistance. These resistant bacteria pose a global public health threat [2]. The increasing reports of resistance against these antibiotics have only increased the skepticism on their efficacy [6, 7]. This suspicion has led clinicians to choose the. Staphylococcus aureus is a global public health issue in both community and hospital settings. Management of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections are tough owing to its resistance to many antibiotics. This study was aimed to determine the occurrence of inducible clindamycin- and methicillin-resistant S. aureus at a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal
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