Abstract
BackgroundFine dust penetrates deep into the human alveoli, and the fine dust accumulated in the bronchus and lungs can directly trigger various respiratory diseases. PM014 (HL301) is the herbal extract derived from the herbal medicine Chung-Sang-Bo-Ha-Tang which is used for the treatment of lung diseases.MethodsTo evaluate the effect of PM014 on the lung inflammation induced by fine dust, this study investigated inflammatory responses in the lung upon pm10 exposure by examining the infiltration of inflammatory cell profiles from bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung histology, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines measured by RT-PCR and ELISA.ResultsPM014-treated mice exhibited reduced lung tissue damage and inflammatory cell infiltration. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis showed significant decrease in the population of total cells, macrophages, eosinophils, and neutrophils in PM014-treated mice. PM014 treatment downregulated the pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions including IL-1b, IL-8, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-21 and IL-17. ELISA analysis also showed reduced production of IL-1b, IL-6 and IL-17 in PM014-treated mice.ConclusionPM014 suppressed the pm10-induced inflammatory response in mice. This study shows that PM014 is a possible therapeutic agent for lung inflammation induced by fine dust.
Highlights
Fine dust penetrates deep into the human alveoli, and the fine dust accumulated in the bronchus and lungs can directly trigger various respiratory diseases
Effect of PM014 on pm10-induced histological changes in lung tissue Histopathological changes and inflammatory responses due to pm10-induced lung injury in PM-treated mice showed the accumulation of multiple inflammatory cells in alveolar spaces after 2 weeks
We previously reported the mechanism of the protective effects in the lungs exerted by PM014, which in vitro showed that PM014 led to the inhibition of TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibroblast activation in alveolar epithelial cells and human lung fibroblasts [3, 7]
Summary
Fine dust penetrates deep into the human alveoli, and the fine dust accumulated in the bronchus and lungs can directly trigger various respiratory diseases. Particulate Matter 10 (pm10), is defined as inhalable particles with a diameter of less than 10 μm according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency These particles vary in size and shape and consist of hundreds of different chemicals. Lee et al BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2020) 20:270 be effective in treating lung diseases through a number of animal studies. Its original formula, CSBHT, is a medication with 18 herbs that has been used in Korea to treat chronic lung diseases such as asthma [2]. Our previous study demonstrates the anti-inflammatory effect of PM014 on radiation-induced pulmonary inflammation in a murine model [3]. In vitro and in vivo results from other studies shows a similar effect of PM014 in murine models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [4, 5] and cockroach allergen-induced asthma [6]. PM014 is a safe and effective herbal formulation which can be applied to chronic and subchronic inflammation in the lungs
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