Abstract
High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a life-threatening disease of high altitude that often affects nonacclimatized apparently healthy individuals who rapidly ascend to high altitude. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are essential to maintain the safety of people who ascend to high altitude, such as construction workers and tourists. In this paper, I discuss various methods and criteria that can be used for the early diagnosis and prediction of HAPE. I also discuss the preventive strategies and options for on-site treatment. My objective is to improve the understanding of HAPE and to highlight the need for prevention, early diagnosis, and early treatment of HAPE to improve the safety of individuals ascending to high altitude.
Highlights
High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a specific disease of high altitude
Many studies [3, 4] have shown that HAPE is a major disease that often affects nonacclimatized healthy individuals who ascend to high altitudes
Under the support of the National Science and Technology Program, we have conducted an extensive range of studies on HAPE intended to find effective methods for early diagnosis and clinical treatment of HAPE and, improve the health and safety of individuals who rapidly ascend to high altitude
Summary
High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a specific disease of high altitude. It has a high incidence and is often serious because of its rapid progresses. Following the magnitude 7.1 earthquake that struck Yushu (Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, China) on April 14, 2010, approximately 50,000 rescuers assembled in the region This region lies at an altitude ranging from 3700 m to 4900 m, the average altitude is 4,493 m. The incidence of HAPE is only 2–4%, the sudden influx of nonacclimatized rescuers to the region meant that HAPE was one of the most common life-threatening diseases at that time, even considering the effects of the earthquake, which caused 1944 deaths, with 216 people missing and 12,135 injured. Under the support of the National Science and Technology Program, we have conducted an extensive range of studies on HAPE intended to find effective methods for early diagnosis and clinical treatment of HAPE and, improve the health and safety of individuals who rapidly ascend to high altitude
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