STANDARD AND BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL OSTEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH NON-SPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN (THE OSCAR STUDY): A SINGLE-CASE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

Abstract

Purpose and BackgroundGuidelines recommend biopsychosocial care for chronic, complex musculoskeletal conditions, including non-specific low back pain. The aims were: 1/ to assess how patients with low back pain respond to osteopathic treatment, both before and after an osteopath has completed a Biopsychosocial Pain Management (BPM) course; and 2/ to assess if it is feasible and acceptable for osteopath participants to receive weekly SCED data and use it to guide patient management.Methods and ResultsA multiple baseline single case experimental design trial (clinicaltrials.gov, on 18/10/2021, ID number NCT05120921) with 11 UK osteopaths was conducted. Patients were randomised to early, middle or late treatment start dates. Statistical analysis assessed the change between baseline, intervention and follow-up periods. Primary outcomes were the Numeric Pain Rating (NPR) and Patient Specific Function Scales (PSFS), measured during the baseline, the 6-week intervention, and during a 12-week follow-up period.At baseline, the osteopaths reported stronger biopsychosocial attitudes to pain, compared to biomedical beliefs (PABS: 34 behavioural scale; 29 biomedical scale). Overall, patient participants showed daily increases in symptoms during the pre-treatment phase (+0.24/day, p<0.001), and daily decreases during treatment (−2.94 over the treatment phase, p<0.001), which continued post-treatment (−3.36 over 12 weeks, p=0.04). Similar improvements were observed for function.ConclusionOsteopathic care was shown to help patients with persistent low back pain. Patient recruitment was challenging because of the randomisation. With further development, the method shows feasibility as a means of enhancing research activity among practising clinicians.Previous presentations or publications of the workThe protocol was published (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2023.100660) and presented at SBPR in 2022. The results were presented to an osteopathic conference in October 2023.Ethics approval was received from the University College of Osteopathy Research Ethics Committee.Conflicts of interestsJerry Draper-Rodi receives fees from the sales of the e-learning course on the biopsychosocial management on the UCO CPD platform.Sources of fundingThe research was funded by the Osteopathic Foundation.