Stan fitosanitarny pszenicy ozimej a nawożenie mikroelementami

Abstract

The Boomer variety of winter wheat was cultivated in a strict plot experiment, in a system of random blocks, and in three repetitions. Seven treatments of fertilization were included in the experiment. The objective of the research was to determine the effect of a foliar application of microelements and Nano-Gro vaccine on infection of pathogens of winter wheat leaves, ears and the stem base. In both vegetation seasons, the symptoms of Septoria tritici infection were the most frequently observed on winter wheat leaves, with dominance of 50% in 2012. In that season the significant differences in Septoria disease severity were observed within fertilized treatments. Similar phenomena was recorded for brown leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) intensity – with the highest infection level at 25%. A minor intensity of powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) and brown leaf rust symptoms were observed in 2013. Fusarium head blight (FHB) showing minor intensity occurred in both analysed years, with significant differences between fertilizing options. In 2013, a high intensity of symptoms of Septoria disease and Cladosporium spp. and Alternaria sp. disease was observed for ears, and the effect of applied fertilization was ambiguous. On the stem base, in both years of the study, the most frequently observed symptoms were those caused by infection of Fusarium spp. and Tapesia spp., more rarely by Rhizoctonia cerealis, and occasionally by Gaeumannomyces graminis that appeared only in 2012. The applied treatments of mineral and microelement fertilization and the vaccine did not differentiate the intensity of the diseases (exceptions: infection by G. graminis in 2012, and by Tapesia spp. in 2013).