Abstract
BackgroundSwallowing impairment is a common complication in various geriatric and neurodegenerative diseases. Swallowing kinematic analysis is essential to quantitatively evaluate the swallowing motion of the oropharyngeal structures. This study aims to develop a novel swallowing kinematic analysis software, called spatio-temporal analyzer for motion and physiologic study (STAMPS), and verify its validity and reliability.MethodsSTAMPS was developed in MATLAB, which is one of the most popular platforms for biomedical analysis. This software was constructed to acquire, process, and analyze the data of swallowing motion. The target of swallowing structures includes bony structures (hyoid bone, mandible, maxilla, and cervical vertebral bodies), cartilages (epiglottis and arytenoid), soft tissues (larynx and upper esophageal sphincter), and food bolus. Numerous functions are available for the spatiotemporal parameters of the swallowing structures. Testing for validity and reliability was performed in 10 dysphagia patients with diverse etiologies and using the instrumental swallowing model which was designed to mimic the motion of the hyoid bone and the epiglottis.ResultsThe intra- and inter-rater reliability tests showed excellent agreement for displacement and moderate to excellent agreement for velocity. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the measured and instrumental reference values were nearly 1.00 (P < 0.001) for displacement and velocity. The Bland–Altman plots showed good agreement between the measurements and the reference values.ConclusionsSTAMPS provides precise and reliable kinematic measurements and multiple practical functionalities for spatiotemporal analysis. The software is expected to be useful for researchers who are interested in the swallowing motion analysis.
Highlights
Swallowing impairment is a common complication in various geriatric and neurodegenerative diseases
The present study introduces a novel MATLAB-based, open-source Swallowing kinematic analysis (SKA) software, called spatio-temporal analyzer for motion and physiologic study (STAMPS) and proves its validity and reliability
Application of the STAMPS software in swallowing motion analysis The current study introduced the novel software, STAMPS, to support the analysis of swallowing motions
Summary
Swallowing impairment is a common complication in various geriatric and neurodegenerative diseases. Swallowing kinematic analysis is essential to quantita‐ tively evaluate the swallowing motion of the oropharyngeal structures. This study aims to develop a novel swallowing kinematic analysis software, called spatio-temporal ana‐ lyzer for motion and physiologic study (STAMPS), and verify its validity and reliability. Methods: STAMPS was developed in MATLAB, which is one of the most popular plat‐ forms for biomedical analysis. This software was constructed to acquire, process, and analyze the data of swallowing motion. Conclusions: STAMPS provides precise and reliable kinematic measurements and multiple practical functionalities for spatiotemporal analysis. Swallowing impairment is a common complication in various geriatric and neurodegenerative diseases and accounts for over 15% of cases in the elderly population [1, 2]. Most of the analyses have been conducted using real-time fluoroscopic images obtained from the VFSS [4]
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