Abstract

In contemporary society, there has been a significant increase in the crime of stalking, resulting in the emergence of a new form of cyberstalking. The crime of stalking is characterized as an obsessive and repetitive pursuit directed at a person, with the intention of causing fear, anguish or disruption in their daily life. In the digital context, cyberstalking involves the use of the internet and communication technologies to perpetuate this same type of persecution, expanding its reach and impact. The article focuses on women, who are the main victims of this violence. Although anyone can be both the perpetrator and the victim of stalking, the central issue to be explored will be: to assess what are the factors that contribute to women being the main victims of stalking and cyberstalking? This scientific article has the general objective of analyzing the practices of persecution, known as stalking, and its virtual variant, cyberstalking, with an emphasis on the impact of these forms of violence on the dignity and psychological well-being of female victims. Furthermore, the article investigates how the Maria da Penha Law can be applied in stalking and cyberstalking situations, assessing the effectiveness of these legal protections. The specific objective includes addressing social, cultural and psychological factors that explain this disparity, in addition to examining the consequences faced by women, ranging from psychological suffering to the impact on their personal and professional relationships. The article also investigates how this legislation has been used to prevent and combat psychological and physical violence resulting from obsessive stalking, in addition to identifying possible gaps in the legal protection offered to victims. This article used a deductive and descriptive approach, based on a comprehensive bibliographic review of public documents, books, scientific articles and online sources. The results show that current laws are insufficient to adequately address the problems of stalking and cyberstalking.

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