Abstract
BackgroundA coherent sexuality education program for adolescents is part of their sexual and reproductive rights and can help them have a healthier future. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the perspectives and intervention preferences of Iranian stakeholders regarding comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in male adolescents based on the IMB model (information, motivation, behavioral skills).MethodsThis study was a qualitative study that was analyzed through a directed content analysis approach. Individual interviews and focused group discussions (FGDs) were used for data collection. The data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in two schools and the Education Department in Sari and the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education in Tehran from March 2019 to August 2019. Data saturation was achieved after 28 interviews and 1 FGDs with 9 participants. Finally, two sets of data were coded and analyzed using directed content analysis.ResultsIn this study, five themes emerged as (1) role of institutions; (2) role of organizations; (3) need for stakeholder’s partnership; (4) need for adolescent sexuality socialization management; and (5) need for enhancing the teachers’ professional competence, which seemed to influence the implementation of CSE in male adolescents. Participants also expressed a number of intervention preferences for CSE. The most important of these was the change in macro policies, helping to create a culture against all forms of violence and breaking the taboo of sexuality education for children and adolescents.ConclusionsThe results of this study revealed the need for a CSE program for adolescents' sexuality socialization. The finding showed that teachers required training to enhance their professional competence about sexuality issues. Therefore, it is necessary to design and implement culture-appropriate skill based programs to enhance the teachers’ professional competence regarding the adolescents’ sexual health.
Highlights
A coherent sexuality education program for adolescents is part of their sexual and reproductive rights and can help them have a healthier future
Study design and participants The present study was the second part of a study with a multistage mixed methods design that investigated the perspectives and intervention preferences of Iranian stakeholders regarding comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in male adolescents based on the IMB model for the first time in Iran
Twenty-eight subjects were interviewed and 9 subjects participated in the focused group discussions (FGDs)
Summary
A coherent sexuality education program for adolescents is part of their sexual and reproductive rights and can help them have a healthier future. Studies investigating comprehensive sexual education have shown several benefits for adolescent reproductive health education, including delayed onset of sexual activity, increased use of contraceptive methods, reduced risky behaviors, reduced unwanted pregnancies, and reduced sexually transmitted infections (STIs) [7,8,9]. It seems that a set of factors such as being based on human rights, positive view of gender, having a learning-center educational approach, being based on culture and religion, and the involvement of all stakeholders in the program design are the reasons for its success [10, 11]. Stakeholders include adolescents, parents, educators, health policy makers, and religious leaders who play a key role in the adolescents’ sexual socialization to varying degrees [11]
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