Stagnation Point Flow and Heat Transfer over an Exponentially Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in CNT with Homogeneous–Heterogeneous Reaction: Stability Analysis

Abstract

This study focuses on the flow of stagnation region and heat transfer of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) over an exponentially stretching/shrinked sheet in the presence of homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions. Kerosene and water are considered base fluids in both single-wall and multi-wall carbon nanotubes. After employing the appropriate similarity variables, the system of partial differential equations is transformed to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Solution of the problems is obtained numerically using the bvp4c solver in MATLAB software. The impact of physical parameters, such as solid volume fraction, stretching/shrinking parameter, homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction rate, Schmidt number on the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles, skin friction, and heat transfer rate are discussed graphically and interpreted physically. The results indicate that for an exponentially shrinking sheet, dual solutions exist for a certain range. It is clear from figures that the concentration profile increases for increasing values of heterogeneous parameter and decreasing values of homogeneous parameter. Heat transfer and skin friction were observed to have a greater impact for single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) compared to multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). A stability analysis has been performed to show which solutions are linearly stable.