Stage‐Wise Adaptive Designs

Abstract

Preface. 1 Synopsis. 1.1 Multistage and Sequential Estimation. 1.2 Adaptive Designs for Generalized Linear Models. 1.3 Adaptive Methods for Sampling from Finite Populations. 1.4 Adaptive Prediction and Forecasting in Time Series Analysis. 1.5 Adaptive Search of an MTD in Cancer Phase I Clinical Trials. 1.6 Adaptive and Sequential Procedures in Phase III of Clinical Trials. 1.7 Sequential Allocation of Resources. 1.8 Sequential Detection of Change Points. 1.9 Sequential Methods in Industrial Testing, Reliability, and Design of Experiments. 2 Multistage and Sequential Estimation. 2.1 Stein's Two-Stage Procedure. 2.2 Modifications to Attain Asymptotic Efficiency. 2.3 Two-Stage Sampling From Exponential Distributions. 2.4 Sequential Fixed-Width Interval Estimation. 2.5 Distributions of Stopping Variables of Sequential Sampling. 2.6 Sequential Fixed-Width Intervals for the Log-Odds in Bernoulli Trials. 2.7 Bayesian Sequential Estimation. 3 Adaptive Designs For Generalized Linear Models. 3.1 Exponential Example. 3.2 Adaptive Designs for the Fisher Information. 3.3 Adaptive Bayesian Designs. 3.4 Adaptive Designs for Inverse Regression. 3.5 Stochastic Approximation. 4 Adaptive Methods for Sampling from Finite Populations. 4.1 Basic Theory. 4.2 Two-Stage and Sequential Estimation of the Population Mean. 4.3 Adaptive Allocation of Stratified SRS. 4.4 Adaptive Search for Special Units. 4.5 Adaptive Estimation of the Size of a Finite Population. 4.6 Applications in Software Reliability. 4.7 Sampling Inspection Schemes. 4.8 Dynamic Bayesian Prediction. 5 Adaptive Prediction and Forecasting in Time Series Analysis. 5.1 Basic Tools of Time Series Analysis. 5.2 Linear Predictors for Covariance Stationary T.S. 5.3 Quadratic LSE Predictors for Nonstationary T.S. 5.4 Moving Averages Predictors for Nonstationary T.S. 5.5 Predictors for General Trends with Exponential Discounting. 5.6 Dynamic Linear Models. 5.7 Asymptotic Behavior of DLM. 5.8 Linear Control of DLM. 6 Adaptive Search of an MTD in Cancer Phase I Clinical Trials. 6.1 Up-And-Down Adaptive Designs. 6.2 Bayesian Adaptive Search: The Continuous Reassessment Method. 6.3 Efficient Dose Escalation with Overdose Control. 6.4 Patient-Specific Dosing. 6.5 Toxicity versus Efficacy. 7 Adaptive and Sequential Procedures in Clinical Trials, Phases II and III. 7.1 Randomization in Clinical Trials. 7.2 Adaptive Randomization Procedures. 7.3 Fixed-Width Sequential Estimation of the Success Probability in Bernoulli Trials. 7.4 Sequential Procedure for Estimating the Probability of Success in Bernoulli Trials. 7.5 Sequential Comparison of Success Probabilities. 7.6 Group Sequential Methods. 7.7 Dynamic Determination of Stage-Wise Samples Size. 8 Sequential Allocation of Resources. 8.1 Bernoulli Bandits. 8.2 Gittins Dynamic Allocation Indices. 8.3 Sequential Allocations in Clinical Trials. 8.4 Bernoulli Bandits with Changepoint. 8.5 Sequential Designs for Estimating the Common Mean of Two Normal Distributions: One Variance Known. 9 Sequential Detection of Changepoints. 9.1 Bayesian Detection When the Distribution Before and After the Change Are Known. 9.2 Bayesian Detection When the Distributions Before and After the Change Are Unknown. 9.3 CUSUM Procedures for Sequential Detection. 9.4 Tracking Algorithms for Processes with Change Points. 9.5 Recursive Estimation with Changepoints. 9.6 Additional Theoretical Contributions. 10 Sequential Methods in Industrial Testing. 10.1 Sequential Testing (SPRT). 10.2 Characteristics of Sequential Procedures in Reliability Estimation and Testing. 10.3 Some Comments on Sequential Design of Experiments. 10.4 Sequential Testing of Software Reliability. Bibliography. Appendix: SPLUS/R Programs. Author Index. Subject Index.