Stable three-dimensional vortex solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates with nonlocal dipole–dipole interaction

Abstract

We present spatially localized three-dimensional vortex solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates with local short-range and nonlocal dipole–dipole interactions. By means of a linear stability analysis, we investigate the stability of these structures and show that singly quantized vortices are stable provided that the chemical potential is positive and the number of atoms is below some critical value. The results are confirmed by direct numerical simulations of the Gross–Pitaevskii equation.