Abstract
It is of great importance to construct a stable superhydrophobic surface with low sliding angle (SA) for various applications. We used hydrophobic carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to construct the superhydrophobic hierarchical architecture of CNTs on silicon micropillar array (CNTs/Si-μp), which have a large contact angle of 153° to 155° and an ultralow SA of 3° to 5°. Small water droplets with a volume larger than 0.3 μL can slide on the CNTs/Si-μp with a tilted angle of approximately 5°. The CNTs growing on planar Si wafer lose their superhydrophobic properties after exposing to tiny water droplets. However, the CNTs/Si-μp still show superhydrophobic properties even after wetting using tiny water droplets. The CNTs/Si-μp still have a hierarchical structure after wetting, resulting in a stable superhydrophobic surface.
Highlights
Interfacial interaction between liquid and solid is of great importance for materials in various applications, such as absorption, adhesion, lubrication, and transference
The contact angle (CA) hysteresis on a superhydrophobic surface might result from high adhesive force and absorption [13,14], which implies that it is not easy for tiny water droplets to move on such surface
We further reveal the behaviors of tiny water droplets on carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/Si and CNT forest on planar Si wafers (CNTs/Si)-μp
Summary
Interfacial interaction between liquid and solid is of great importance for materials in various applications, such as absorption, adhesion, lubrication, and transference. Due to easy deformation of liquid, large droplets slide on a solid surface easier than the small ones. Superhydrophobic surfaces which have a static contact angle (CA) larger than 150° [2] are desired in collecting and delivering tiny water droplets in some cases [3,4]. Interfacial interaction hinders the motion of stationary water droplets on a solid surface, resulting in CA hysteresis. The CA hysteresis on a superhydrophobic surface might result from high adhesive force and absorption [13,14], which implies that it is not easy for tiny water droplets to move on such surface. Most of the research on superhydrophobic surface
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