Stable High-Dimensional Spatial Optical Solitons and Vortices in an Active Raman Gain Medium

Abstract

We propose a scheme to produce stable high-dimensional spatial optical solitons and vortices in an M-type five-level active Raman gain medium at room temperature. We derive a (2+1)-dimensional [(2+1)D] nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation with a 2D trapping potential, which is contributed by an assisted field. We show that by adjusting the system parameter, the signs of the Kerr nonlinearity and the external potential can be manipulated at will. We then present three types of NLS equation, provide their soliton solutions, and analyze their stabilities. We finally discuss the differences in the soliton solutions between (2+1)D and (3+1)D systems with the same 2D trapping potential.