Stabilization of Soils with Portland Cement and CKD and Application of CKD on Slope Erosion Control

Abstract

This paper presents experimental results of the effect of Portland cement and Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) on engineering properties of soils from Aberdeen and Everett in the state of Washington. CKD and cement were added in several different percentages of dry weight of soils. Laboratory tests including Atterberg limits, standard Proctor and unconfined compressive strength were performed. Results of cement and CKD treatment are compared. Results of the investigation showed cement and CKD treatment led to an increase in optimum moisture content, and a decrease in maximum dry unit weight. It was also observed that the unconfined compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of CKD treated soils were lower than that achieved by cement treatment. However, CKD still can be used for soil stabilization purposes. In addition, this study presents experimental results of slope erosion control using CKD. A natural slope in Socorro, NM was divided into four different parts, and the surface soil of each portion was treated with 0, 5, 10, and 15% CKD by dry weight of the soil. Results of the soil loss of a small-scale CKD treated slope under rainfall simulator were compared with the soil loss of the full scale CKD treated slope in the field. The field slope was monitored for a time period of five months for soil loss, and soil loss was determined by surveying the slope surface within this time period. It was observed that soil loss decreased significantly as CKD content increased.