Abstract
The hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes acute and chronic hepatitis in humans. The zoonotic HEV genotype 3 is mainly transmitted by consumption of contaminated food produced from infected animals. However, transmission via contaminated surfaces has also to be considered. Here, the genotype 3c strain 47832c was dried on steel, wood, plastics and ceramics, stored at 23 °C or 3 °C for up to 8 weeks and remaining infectivity was titrated on cell culture. During the drying process, only a mean 0.2 log10 decrease of HEV infectivity was observed. At 23 °C, remaining infectious virus was detected until week 4 on most surfaces, but HEV was completely inactivated (> 4 log10 decrease) after 8 weeks. At 3 °C, HEV was detectable up to 8 weeks on most surfaces, with an average 2.3 log10 decrease. HEV showed the highest stability on plastics, which was lower on ceramics and steel, and lowest on wood. The addition of bovine serum albumin mimicking high protein load had only a slight stabilizing effect. In conclusion, HEV shows a high stability against drying and subsequent storage on different surfaces. Strict application of hygienic measures during food production is therefore crucial in order to prevent HEV persistence on surfaces and subsequent cross-contamination.
Highlights
The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important agent of human hepatitis
Chronic HEV infections, which can lead to life-threatening liver cirrhosis, are increasingly described in immunosuppressed transplant patients (Narayanan et al, 2019)
HEV aliquots were added to the surface materials and the infectivity before and immediately after drying was assessed
Summary
The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important agent of human hepatitis. Large outbreaks of hepatitis E were reported from developing countries, whereas sporadic cases are predominant in industrialized countries (Goel & Aggarwal, 2020; Webb & Dalton, 2019). In the last years, increasing numbers of hepatitis E cases have been notified in Europe (Aspinall et al, 2017). The disease is mainly characterized by acute hepatitis. Chronic HEV infections, which can lead to life-threatening liver cirrhosis, are increasingly described in immunosuppressed transplant patients (Narayanan et al, 2019). Extrahepatic manifestations like neurologic disorders have been attributed to HEV infection (Velavan et al, 2021)
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