Stability of delay Hopfield neural networks with generalized proportional Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative

Abstract

<abstract><p>The general delay Hopfield neural network is studied. It is considered the case of time-varying delay, continuously distributed delays, time varying coefficients and a special type of a Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative (GPRLFD) with an exponential kernel. The presence of delays and GPRLFD in the model require two special types of initial conditions. The applied GPRLFD also required a special definition of the equilibrium of the model. A constant equilibrium of the model is defined. We use Razumikhin method and Lyapunov functions to study stability properties of the equilibrium of the model. We apply Lyapunov functions defined by absolute values as well as quadratic Lyapunov functions. We prove some comparison results for Lyapunov function connected deeply with the applied GPRLFD and use them to obtain exponential bounds of the solutions. These bounds are satisfied for intervals excluding the initial time. Also, the convergence of any solution of the model to the equilibrium at infinity is proved. An example illustrating the importance of our theoretical results is also included.</p></abstract>