Abstract
A model for transition between stratified and annular two-phase flows in horizontal tubes has been developed, based upon a momentum balance and energy transfer between the two phases. Without specifying the mechanisms involved in the transition, a criterion has been put forth which requires that the mechanical energy change experienced by the gas be greater than the work done by the interfacial forces in bringing about the transition. In this sense, the proposed criterion is “global” and concerns itself only with the states of the two-phase flow before and after the transition. The criterion predicts a region of stability for annular flow which is in reasonable agreement with the Baker plot as well as other transition maps. It has been demonstrated that the transition depends upon the void-fractions in stratified and annular flows and thus helps to explain the wide discrepancies in the observed data from several sources.
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