Abstract
Throughout the past several years, the renewable energy contribution and particularly the contribution of wind energy to electrical grid systems increased significantly, along with the problem of keeping the systems stable. This article presents a new optimization technique entitled the Archimedes optimization algorithm (AOA) that enhances the wind energy conversion system’s stability, integrated with a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system that uses a proportional integral (PI) controller. The AOA is a modern population technique based on Archimedes’ law of physics. The SMES system has a big impact in integrating wind generators with the electrical grid by regulating the output of wind generators and strengthening the power system’s performance. In this study, the AOA was employed to determine the optimum conditions of the PI controller that regulates the charging and discharging of the SMES system. The simulation outcomes of the AOA, the genetic algorithm (GA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) were compared to ensure the efficacy of the introduced optimization algorithm. The simulation results showed the effectiveness of the optimally controlled SMES system, using the AOA in smoothing the output power variations and increasing the stability of the system under various operating conditions.
Highlights
Nowadays, many electrical companies that are still using conventional fossil fuels for generating electricity are facing many challenges due to the rising awareness worldwide towards having a cleaner environment
This paper provides a modern optimization tactic, the Archimedes optimization algorithm (AOA), which is used to enhance the Low Voltage Ride through (LVRT) capabilities of variable-speed wind turbine (VSWT)-permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) systems using AOA-proportional integral (PI) control located in an superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) unit
We present the Archimedes optimization algorithm (AOA), a novel population-based method that resembles the Archimedes principle;
Summary
Many electrical companies that are still using conventional fossil fuels for generating electricity are facing many challenges due to the rising awareness worldwide towards having a cleaner environment. Despite the merits of the above components, we could never neglect the fact that wind energy is by nature an unpredictable source, as wind speed changes arbitrarily [10] This continuous change in wind speed values causes undesirable fluctuations in generated power, in addition to negative effects on voltage and frequency regulation, leading to decreasing the system’s stability. Researchers face a great challenge for solving problems related to large wind farms connected to electricity networks, including improving the performance of low voltage ride through (LVRT). In cases of excessive voltage fluctuation or thermal overloading in some of the power system components during the peak power production of a wind farm, these changes could be remedied by temporarily storing energy in an ESS and dispatching it when there is less wind. Due to the continuous research and development in the field of power electronics and control strategies, it is expected that the relatively high costs of SMES systems will decrease in the near future
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