Abstract
Objective: This study aims to formulate nanosliver (AgNPs) biosynthetic hydrogel for topical antibacterial treatment and its stability and antibacterial activity. Methods: The mixture (Silver nitrate solution and Turmeric juice) was stirred at room temperature for 24 h; afterward, it was analyzed using UV-VIS spectrophotometry, particle size analysis, and TEM. The carbopol 940 was selected as a gelling agent with an AgNPs concentration of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%. Furthermore, the gel preparation was tested for stability using the cycling test method and antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results: The nanosilver biosynthetic has a yellow-brown color with the maximum wavelength peak at 433 nm, and a particle size of 157.4-166.7 nm. TEM analysis showed that AgNPs have a round shape, while the antibacterial activity of hydrogel preparations was moderately inhibited. Furthermore, the hydrogel was evaluated for pH, viscosity, dispersibility, and antibacterial activity before-after the cycling test. Formula with 30% AgNPs is chosen formula with pH value of 5.87±0.65; viscosity of 4833.3±2.82 c. Ps; and dispersibility of 5.50±0.15 after cycling test. Conclusion: The high concentration of AgNPs will increase the viscosity, pH, and dispersibility. Formula with 30% AgNPs have the highest antibacterial activity. Furthermore, all hydrogel preparations meet the requirements of Indonesian Standard Product (SNI) No. 06-2588-1992 for good gel stability before and after the cycling test.
Highlights
Nanosilver (AgNPs) is a potential antibacterial, and an alternative of topical antibiotics that have caused bacterial resistance to antibiotics
This is due to the oxidation and reduction process of an organic compound, whereby the ion reduces to a nanosilver (Ag°)
The dark brownish color produced showed that more organic compounds are oxidized and more silver ions are reduced to nanosilver (Ag°), thereby increasing the concentration of nanosilver formed
Summary
Nanosilver (AgNPs) is a potential antibacterial, and an alternative of topical antibiotics that have caused bacterial resistance to antibiotics. A previous study was conducted to determine the characterization of biosynthetic silver using turmeric juice, and it was discovered that the selected formula meets the requirements. It was a formula composed of turmeric juice and silver nitrate with a ratio of 5:38 ml. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) which is conducted by green synthesis method using plant extracts, induce antibacterial effects [2]. This method is advantageous because it is safe, simple, reduce waste, and is environmentally friendly
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