Abstract
With the limitedness of the sub-6 GHz bandwidth, the world is exploring a thrilling wireless technology known as massive MIMO. This wireless access technology is swiftly becoming key for 5G, B5G, and 6G network deployment. The massive MIMO system brings together antennas at both base stations and the user terminals to provide high spectral service. Despite the fact that massive MIMO offers astronomical benefits such as low latency, high data rate, improved array gain, and far better reliability, it faces several implementation challenges due to the hundreds of antennas at the base station. The signal detection at the base station during the uplink is one of the critical issues in this technology. Detection of user signal becomes computationally complex with a multitude of antennas present in the massive MIMO systems. This paper proposes a novel preconditioned and accelerated Gauss–Siedel algorithm referred to as Symmetric Successive Over-relaxation Preconditioned Gauss-Seidel (SSORGS). The proposed algorithm will address the signal detection challenges associated with massive MIMO technology. Furthermore, we enhance the convergence rate of the proposed algorithm by introducing a novel Symmetric Successive Over-relaxation preconditioner (SSOR) scheme and an initialization scheme based on the instantaneous channel condition between the base station and the user. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm referred to as Symmetric Successive Over-relaxation Preconditioned Gauss-Seidel (SSORGS) provides optimal BER performance. At BER =10−3, over the range of SNR, the SSORGS algorithm performs better than the traditional algorithms. Additionally, the proposed algorithm is computationally more efficient than the traditional algorithms. Furthermore, we designed a comprehensive hardware architecture for the SSORGS algorithm to find the interrelated components necessary to build the actual physical system.
Highlights
With globalization, wireless data traffic has seen a tremendous surge over the past two decades
Massive MIMO technology is an emerging wireless access technology used in 5G, beyond 5G (B5G), and6G networks
This paper introduces an efficient uplink signal detection algorithm for detecting user signals at the base station in massive MIMO systems
Summary
Wireless data traffic has seen a tremendous surge over the past two decades. To cope up with this colossal increment in wireless data traffic, the cellular base station is deployed within a few hundred-meter distance. Massive MIMO, to serve the tens of users, uses hundreds of base station antennas simultaneously [2,3,4,5]. The pivotal benefit of the massive MIMO is the array gain that it attains due to the thousands of the base station antenna [5]. The hundreds of antenna elements at the base station assists in focusing energy on a confined region which helps this technology to achieve benefits such as high spectral efficiency and increased data rate. Apart from high energy and spectral efficiency, massive MIMO provides superior data rate, low power consumption, ultra-low latency, robustness to interference and jamming, strengthened security [7]
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