Abstract
This research proposed an S-shaped metasurface (MTS)-based wideband circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna for C-band uplink frequency spectrum. The proposed MTS-based CP patch antenna was of low profile and fabricated on three substrate layers: upper, middle, and lower. The upper substrate contained 4 × 4 periodic S-shaped MTS elements, the middle substrate functioned as ground plane with a rectangular-shaped slot at the center, and the lower substrate contained a coplanar waveguide with microstrip and ground. The S-shaped MTS elements converted linearly polarized (LP) into CP wave. Simulations were performed, and an antenna prototype was fabricated and experiments carried out. The measured impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) at the center frequency of 5.9 GHz were 43.22% (4.05 - 6.6 GHz) and 22% (5.3 - 6.6 GHz), respectively, rendering the proposed antenna suitable for satellite communication applications. The proposed antenna achieved the maximum gain of 6.16 dBic at 5.6 GHz. The novelty of this research lies in the use of S-shaped MTS elements to efficiently convert LP into CP wave and achieve wider ARBW for the C-band uplink spectrum.
Highlights
Modern low-profile wideband circularly polarized (CP) antennas are utilized in a wide range of wireless applications, including satellite communication, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), radio frequency identification (RFID), wireless power harvesting, and wireless sensors [1]–[4]
To enhance CP bandwidth, several techniques were adopted in the design and development of broadband CP antennas, The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Raghvendra Kumar Kumar Chaudhary
The upper substrate contained 4 × 4 periodic S-shaped MTS elements, the middle substrate functioned as the ground plane with a rectangular-shaped slot at the center, and the lower substrate consisted of coplanar waveguide (CPW)
Summary
Modern low-profile wideband circularly polarized (CP) antennas are utilized in a wide range of wireless applications, including satellite communication, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), radio frequency identification (RFID), wireless power harvesting, and wireless sensors [1]–[4]. Including a square slot antenna with an L-shaped feed [10], a ring slot with a hybrid coupler [11], stacked patches [12], coplanar parasitic patches [13], and dielectric resonators [14] These CP antennas suffer from design complexity, bulkiness, and low CP bandwidth performance. N. Supreeyatitikul et al.: S-Shaped Metasurface-Based Wideband Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for C-Band Applications. A CP single-fed corner-truncated square Fabry-Perot patch antenna with simple MTS structure for C-band spectrum achieved an IBW of 31.7% (5.23 – 7.20 GHz) and 3-dB ARBW of 13.7% (5.45 – 6.25 GHz) [16]. This research proposes a low-profile S-shaped MTS-based wideband CP patch antenna for the C-band uplink frequency spectrum.
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