Аssessment of the ecological safety level in the urban ecosystem by the atmospheric air condition

Abstract

Green plantings, which are a part of the modern city, are an important element creating an environment providing favorable microclimatic and sanitary conditions for human living. Plants of the city streets, which tend to grow near the roadway, play an important role. According to the magnitude of the fluctuation asymmetry of the bilateral morphological features in plant organisms, the main environmental hazards resulting from the complex of emission, background-parametric and landscape-destructive effects associated with the formation of the urban landscape were investigated. It is proposed to determine the state of the urban ecosystem based on the of fluctuation asymmetry (FA) criteria – slight non-directional deviations between the sides of the organ, which are laid during ontogeny. The condition of the small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata) leaf plates was evaluated by the development stability, which characterizes the level of pollution in the urban ecosystem. The nature of industrial emissions into the air basin and water bodies was analyzed, as well as the level of the soil cover contamination due to the deposition of aerosol emissions in the administrative districts of Kyiv. A comprehensive approach was proposed to evaluate the status of urban ecosystems based on the combination of instrumental methods with bioindication research methods. Such a combination will make it possible to classify urban areas with the high probability, first, not by the degree of chemical pollution, but by the degree of anthropogenic changes in a whole set of environmental factors, which play a crucial role in the formation of specific properties of the urban ecosystem.