Abstract
The power supplies of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are not replaceable orrechargeable for sensors. For reducing the communication protocols' impact onthe sensor network's energy dissipation, various protocols or mechanisms havebeen proposed. Therefore, this article proposes a stable random number-basedLEACH protocol to stabilize the random number generation to improve the CHselection efficiency. The wireless sensor network's average node energy (ANE)is multiplied by the random number that relies on the nodes' energy. A nodegrade algorithm (NGA) based relay selection is introduced for inter andintracluster communication for energy efficiency enhancement. The proposed NGA calculates the grade of a node using residual energy, distance from CHs,and its traffic parameters. Based on the simulation results, the proposed SRN-LEACH protocol shows superior performance as compared to existing protocolsincluding reduced energy dissipation, improved communication quality, andNLT. The proposed method attains a minimum average delay of 0.136ms, 0.95% PDR, 148kbps TP rate, and 98% NLT.
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