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Abstract
Castor bean is an important seed oil crop. Castor oil is a highly demanded oil for several industrial uses. Currently, castor bean varieties suffer from low productivity and high risk of insect pests and diseases. It is in urgent need to mine elite genes from wild materials for castor breeding. 29 pairs of polymorphic SRAP primers out of 361 pairs were used to analyse the genetic diversity of 473 wild castor materials from South China. 203 bands were amplified by the 29 pairs of primers, of which 169 bands were polymorphic, with a polymorphic percentage of 83.25%. With an average number of alleles per locus (Ap) of 1.801, average number of effective alleles per locus (Ae) of 1.713 and average percentage of polymorphic loci (P) of 90.04%, these primers were proven to be useful and effective. Nei’ genetic distance between the materials ranged from 1.04 to 25.02, with an average of 13.03. At the genetic distance of 25.02, the materials clustered into two major groups, consistent with the result of population structure analysis. However, more subgroups existed between 5.21 and 13.32. Although not all the materials from the same region were clustered in the same group, an obvious trend existed where the groups were related to regions to a great extent. Based on multiple indices, the genetic diversity of materials from Hainan was the lowest. However, there was not much difference between West Guangdong and Guangxi, although the former was slightly higher. Moderate genetic differentiation was observed in wild materials in South China. The genetic differentiation mainly occurred within population, with maximum differentiation in Guangxi, followed by West Guangdong and the minimum in Hainan. Nonetheless, there was an extensive geneflow between populations. The above results provided a direction for the conservation and breeding application of these materials.
Highlights
Castor (Ricinus communis L.; 2n = 20) [1] belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae and has been cultivated even before 4,000 B.C. as shown by buried castor seeds in Egyptian tombs [2, 3]
The sampling plan was formulated as follows: On the map, the collection area was divided into stripes 50–100 kilometers apart in the north-south direction, and several roads each going across a stripe were selected; we drove along these roads, searching and collecting; at the same time, we visited local people to look for the places where castor plants were distributed
473 wild castor accessions from South China were amplified by 29 pairs of SRAP polymorphic primers and a total of 203 clear, bright and stable bands were amplified, including 169 polymorphic bands, with an 83.25% polymorphism
Summary
Castor (Ricinus communis L.; 2n = 20) [1] belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae and has been cultivated even before 4,000 B.C. as shown by buried castor seeds in Egyptian tombs [2, 3]. It is said to have originated from tropical Africa precisely, Ethiopia, since there is a higher diversity of wild and semi-cultivated types of castor over there compared to any other part of the world. Genetic diversity analysis of wild castor materials design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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