Square-wave voltammetric determination of clindamycin using a glassy carbon electrode modified with graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles within a crosslinked chitosan film

Abstract

An electrochemical method for the determination of clindamycin using a glassy carbon electrode modified with graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles within a film of crosslinked chitosan with epichlorohydrin (AuNPs-GO-CTS-ECH/GCE) is proposed. The electrochemical behavior of clindamycin was studied using cyclic voltammetry, and square-wave voltammetry (SWV). Under the optimized working conditions using 0.1molL−1 phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) solution as the supporting electrolyte, at a potential of +0.8V vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0molL−1KCl), using the SWV technique with the proposed AuNPs-GO-CTS-ECH/GCE electrode, the analytical curve showed a wide linear concentration range from 9.5×10−7 to 1.4×10−4molL−1, with a limit of detection of 2.9×10−7molL−1. The voltammetric method was successfully applied in the quantification of clindamycin in pharmaceutical formulations, as well as synthetic urine and river water samples, with results similar to those obtained by a comparative method (HPLC).