Abstract
Renewable energy-based distributed generators (DGs) are gaining more penetration in modern grids to meet the growing demand for electrical energy. The anticipated techno-economic benefits of these eco-friendly resources require their judicious and properly sized allocation in distribution networks (DNs). The preeminent objective of this research is to determine the sizing and optimal placing of DGs in the condensed DN of a smart city. The placing and sizing problem is modeled as an optimization problem to reduce the distribution loss without violating the technical constraints. The formulated model is solved for a radial distribution system with a non-uniformly distributed load utilizing the selective particle swarm optimization (SPSO) algorithm. The intended technique decreases the power loss and perfects the voltage profile at the system’s nodes. MATLAB is used for the simulation, and the obtained results are also validated by the Electrical Transient Analysis Program (ETAP). Results show that placing optimally sized DGs at optimal system nodes offers a considerable decline in power loss with an improved voltage profile at the network’s nodes. Distribution system operators can utilize the proposed technique to realize the reliable operation of overloaded urban networks.
Highlights
Electrical power demand is exponentially growing due to more urbanization, commercialization and industrial development
This paper proposes a new selective particle swarm optimization (SPSO) approach to find optimal distributed generators (DGs) size and location
Different simulation cases are carried out on a simplified real distribution feeder, and a comparison is made among the output results of all cases in order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed SPSO approach
Summary
Electrical power demand is exponentially growing due to more urbanization, commercialization and industrial development. The surge in power demands has originated several threats to the operation of distribution networks (DNs) [6] It is a big challenge for the existing power system to handle extra demand requirements due to excessive population growth and smart cities projects for rural areas extensions. Optimal DGs allocations are helpful in achieving improved voltage profile, reduced power losses and defer investments in transmission infrastructure [20,21]. This paper proposes a new selective particle swarm optimization (SPSO) approach to find optimal DGs size and location This approach aims to catch all bus voltages within acceptable limits with minimum deviation and minimum total power loss in the system based on economic and operational objectives from the DGs and grid side.
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