Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different planting dates on the morphological variables and yield of new potato cultivars. The treatments were three cultivars (Agata, BRS Clara and BRS F63 Camila) and three planting date (October, December and February), carried out in two crop years (2014/15 and 2015/16). Total and marketable yields, average mass of total and marketable tubers, growth period, leaf area index, number and dry weight of the tubers were evaluated. The first planting date resulted in higher yield than the third date. Cultivar BRS F63 Camila was the one with highest yield in this first planting date (47.4 t ha-1), due to greater number of tubers produced in relation to the other cultivars and to higher average tuber weight (166 g tuber-1) in relation to Agata (113 g tuber-1). In the second planting date, no difference in yield was observed among cultivars. In the third planting date, BRS Clara was the cultivar with highest yield (21.3 t ha-1), due mainly to higher average weight of tubers (105 g tuber-1) in relation to Agata (49 g tuber-1), a fact favored by the higher leaf area index and longer growth period of BRS Clara. Depending on the planting date, one should choose the cultivar that results in maximum yield potential, since it is a plant management with low cost and high yield impact. For the second planting date, any of the studied cultivars can be used.
Highlights
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes épocas de plantio nas variáveis morfológicas e na produtividade de novas cultivares de batata
These two planting dates result in variable climatic conditions affecting, the agronomic characteristics of plants grown in this region
Spring planting is characterized by increasing photoperiod, air temperature and solar radiation and, on the contrary, fall planting is characterized by decreasing photoperiod, air temperature and solar radiation (Simepar, 2018)
Summary
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes épocas de plantio nas variáveis morfológicas e na produtividade de novas cultivares de batata. The main potato planting dates in southern Brazil are in spring, when rainfall is concentrated, and planting is carried out from August to December, and in autumn, when the drought period is concentrated and planting is carried out from February to June (Pereira, 2008) These two planting dates result in variable climatic conditions affecting, the agronomic characteristics of plants grown in this region. Spring planting is characterized by increasing photoperiod, air temperature and solar radiation and, on the contrary, fall planting is characterized by decreasing photoperiod, air temperature and solar radiation (Simepar, 2018) These factors influence directly the physiology of the potato plants and, affect tuber metabolism, which may limit the yield potential and quality of the tubers. In Brazil, there are Brazilian cultivars available in the market, released recently by government research institutions (Pereira et al, 2015), but with low adoption and often unknown to a large part of Brazilian producers (Feltran & Lemos, 2005)
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