Abstract

Abstract. Melt ponds form on the surface of Arctic sea ice during spring, influencing how much solar radiation is absorbed into the sea ice–ocean system, which in turn impacts the ablation of sea ice during the melt season. Accordingly, melt pond fraction (fp) has been shown to be a useful predictor of sea ice area during the summer months. Sea ice dynamic and thermodynamic processes operating within the narrow channels and inlets of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) during the summer months are difficult for model simulations to accurately resolve. Additional information on fp variability in advance of the melt season within the CAA could help constrain model simulations and/or provide useful information in advance of the shipping season. Here, we use RADARSAT-2 imagery to predict and analyze peak melt pond fraction (fpk) and evaluate its utility to provide predictive information with respect to sea ice area during the melt season within the CAA from 2009–2018. The temporal variability of RADARSAT-2 fpk over the 10-year record was found to be strongly linked to the variability of mean April multi-year ice area with a statistically significant detrended correlation (R) of R=-0.89. The spatial distribution of RADARSAT-2 fpk was found to be in excellent agreement with the sea ice stage of development prior to the melt season. RADARSAT-2 fpk values were in good agreement with fpk observed from in situ observations but were found to be ∼ 0.05 larger compared to MODIS fpk observations. Dynamically stable sea ice regions within the CAA exhibited higher detrended correlations between RADARSAT-2 fpk and summer sea ice area. Our results show that RADARSAT-2 fpk can be used to provide predictive information about summer sea ice area for a key shipping region of the Northwest Passage.

Highlights

  • Arctic sea ice extent during the summer months has declined considerably over the satellite record (Serreze et al, 2007; Stroeve et al, 2012; Peng and Meier, 2017)

  • The shallow bays and narrow channels located throughout the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) exhibit high fpk values and these regions are typically associated with smooth first-year ice (FYI) whereas rougher ice regions (i.e. Gulf of Boothia) are associated with lower fpk values

  • We should expect a lower fpk over multi-year ice (MYI) regions compared to FYI regions (Grenfell and Perovich, 2004; Perovich and Polashenski, 2012), and the overall spatial distribution of RADARSAT-2 fpk is in excellent agreement with the spatial distribution of sea ice stage of development prior to the melt season for all years

Read more

Summary

Introduction

Arctic sea ice extent during the summer months has declined considerably over the satellite record (Serreze et al, 2007; Stroeve et al, 2012; Peng and Meier, 2017). The topographical constraints over multi-year ice (MYI) imposed by hummocks typically result in MYI exhibiting a lower melt pond fraction (fp) compared to seasonal first-year ice (FYI) (Grenfell and Perovich, 2004; Polashenski et al, 2012; Landy et al, 2015). With Arctic sea ice transitioning from a MYI- to FYIdominated icescape (Maslanik et el., 2011), the lower fp of MYI will gradually be replaced with the higher fp of FYI, facilitating even more sea ice energy absorption and further enhancing sea ice melt (Perovich and Polashenski, 2012). Chevallier et al, 2013; Sigmond et al, 2013; Guemas et al, 2016) Despite these recent efforts, rapidly changing Arctic sea ice condi-

Methods
Results
Conclusion
Full Text
Published version (Free)

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call