SPRING GRAIN QUALITY OF OMSK OAT VARIETIES IN THE EXTREME ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

Abstract

The authors make a case that oat selection should have profound focus in the regions with profound contrasting weather conditions such as Western Siberia is. The adaptive variety has environmental plasticity and combines stable high productivity with grain quality. The researchers study a set of varieties of oats under the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region according to the parameters of environmental adaptability, estimated on the basis of protein concentration pro a unit of land. The experimental part of the work was carried out during 2013-2018 on the experimental fields of Omsk Research Agricultural Centre (Southern Forest Steppe, Omsk). The protein concentration in the oat grains was determined according to the Pleshkov’s method. On average, the protein concentration in chaffy oat and Hulless oat didn’t vary significantly and was equal to 408.8 and 407.4 kg/ha, respectively. Protein concentration standard of Tarsky 2, Uran, Fakel and Sibirskiy Gerkules varieties exceeded the average by 14.1-71.5 kg/ha. The authors estimated the following adaptability parameters: stress resistance (Ymin-Ymax) and compensatory capacity (Ymin+Ymax)/2 according to Rossielle, Hemblin method; ecological plasticity coefficient (O) – according to Baransky methodics; variation coefficient (V) and equation coefficient (B) – according to Armor; the level of variety stability - according to Nettevich method; coefficient of responsiveness to favorable conditions of cultivation (Kr) - by Zykin; environmental plasticity index (EPI) – by Gryaznov; coefficient of adaptability (CA) - by Zhivotkov. A comprehensive assessment of spring oats varieties, taking into account a smaller number of ranks, identified the varieties, most adapted to high protein concentration in the southern forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region: a standard chaffy variety Orion, Uran (total ranks were 37 and 36), as well as the standard of hulless oat group which is Sibirskiy golozernyy (total ranks are 72).