Abstract
The article presents the official information on the epizootic situation of FMD type А in the Middle East: Saudi Arabia, Iran, Armenia and Turkey in the period 2005-2017. Analyzing the number of outbreaks of FMD in these countries, it was found that, despite strict preventive measures associated with regular vaccination of susceptible animals, the main cause of the disease - the appearance of new genetic lines of topotype Asia: A/Iran-05 and G-VII, antigenically different from the production of FMD virus strains used in the vaccine. In this region, phylogenetic drift among the population of FMD type a virus manifests itself not only in the appearance of new lines, but also new sublines within the same line. . This is due, first of all, to the tense political situation in the region, when, due to uncontrolled migration of people and animals, there is a close contact of FMD-susceptible domestic and wild animals of different species and the alternate transmission of the virus to them. Due to the existing danger of spreading the virus in the countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus it is necessary to conduct studies on the selection and training of new relevant in respect of production of epizootic strains of FMD virus type A for inclusion in the composition of foot and mouth disease vaccine.
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