Abstract
This study was performed to analyze the spray, combustion, and air pollutant characteristic of JP-5 fuel for naval aircraft in a spray visualization system and a single-cylinder CRDI diesel engine that can be visualized. The analysis results of JP-5 fuel were compared with DF. The spray tip penetration of JP-5 showed diminished results as the spray developed. JP-5 had the highest ROHR and ROPR regardless of the fuel injection timings. The physicochemical characteristics of JP-5, such as its excellent vaporization and low cetane number, were analyzed to prolong the ignition delay. Overall, the longer combustion period and the lower heat loss of the DF raised the engine torque and the IMEP. JP-5 showed higher O2 and lower CO2 levels than the DF fuel. The CO emission level increased as the injection timing was advanced in two test fuels, and the CO emitted from the DF fuel, which has a longer combustion period than JP-5, turned out to be lower. NOx also reduced as the fuel injection timing was retarded, but it was discharged at a higher level in JP-5 due to the large heat release. The images from the combustion process visualization showed that the flame luminosity of DF is stronger, its ignition delay is shorter, and its combustion period is longer than that of JP-5.
Highlights
Diesel fuel (DF) engines of compression ignition method are recognized as key propulsion engines of naval ships because of their excellent durability, fuel economy, robustness, and high power density [1,2,3].Naval ships carrying naval aircraft use two types of fuel: DF and JP-5 fuel
The carbon monoxide (CO) emission level increased as the injection timing was advanced in two test fuels, and the CO emitted from the DF fuel, which has a longer combustion period than JP-5, turned out to be lower
JP-5 fuel is classified as a kerosene-based aviation fuel with a great flash point and is used as a dedicated fuel for naval aircraft carried on naval ship, not for ground-based the fixed wing aircraft and rotor craft
Summary
Diesel fuel (DF) engines of compression ignition method are recognized as key propulsion engines of naval ships because of their excellent durability, fuel economy, robustness, and high power density [1,2,3]. Compared with the results of many studies that applied JP-8 fuel to DF engines, the reports of research that applied JP-5 fuel for naval aircraft to compression ignition DF engine are insignificant. The maneuver of the naval ship must be guaranteed by immediately supplying to it another fuel (JP-5) stored for naval aircraft Given this scenario, it is necessary to investigate various characteristics of JP-5 fuel by applying it to a DF engine of compression ignition method. The purpose of this research was to focus on analyzing the spray, combustion, and air pollutants from exhaust gas characteristics of JP-5 fuel for naval aircraft by applying it to a single-cylinder CRDI DF engine. Spray visualization test was conducted to determine the spray tip penetration of JP-5 fuel The combustion parameters such as the ROHR, the rate of pressure rise (ROPR), and the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) were analyzed with in-cylinder pressure. The air pollutants from exhaust gas characteristics such as of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), CO, and NOx were measured with a sensor-based mobile exhaust gas analyzer
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