Spouses of First Responders: Support for Living With Posttraumatic Stress

Abstract

Emergency first responders (police, fire, paramedic, dispatch) engage in work that includes multiple traumas, sometimes leading to posttraumatic stress. Due to work spillover at home, spouses are susceptible to vicarious and secondary trauma. While there are debriefings for traumatic calls for first responders, no such thing exists for the spouses who are the first to provide support at home. There is a lack of availability of resources supporting first responder spouses, particularly those whose first responders are diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder. Stepping into this gap is a unique 6-day residential treatment program provided in a secluded location in Northern California, where a small number of clients engage in a program directed by peers who have been through the program themselves, culturally competent clinicians, and chaplains. The therapeutic milieu is supported by psychoeducation, group processing, nutritious meals, daily activity, and an optional daily chapel program. Based on a dissertation, and using Gass’ wheel of change as a framework, this article shares the results of a qualitative study of eight participants' experiences of the program gleaned from in-depth interviews, a review of program agendas, and self-assessment scores pre- and postprogram. Inductive analysis resulted in common themes including a reduction in isolation, anxiety, and depression symptoms, normalization of experiences, and community. Like the insider-researcher author, individuals finding that they have “lost themselves” in the role of first responder spouse identify this residential treatment experience as a “back to myself” program. Further research on program effectiveness via program evaluation is recommended.