Abstract
Hybrid gold nanostructures seeded into nanotextured zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoflowers (NFs) were created for novel biosensing applications. The selected ‘spotted NFs’ had a 30-nm-thick gold nanoparticle (AuNP) layer, chosen from a range of AuNP thicknesses, sputtered onto the surface. The generated nanohybrids, characterized by morphological, physical and structural analyses, were uniformly AuNP-seeded onto the ZnO NFs with an average length of 2–3 μm. Selective capture of molecular probes onto the seeded AuNPs was evidence for the specific interaction with DNA from pathogenic Leptospirosis-causing strains via hybridization and mis-match analyses. The attained detection limit was 100 fM as determined via impedance spectroscopy. High levels of stability, reproducibility and regeneration of the sensor were obtained. Selective DNA immobilization and hybridization were confirmed by nitrogen and phosphorus peaks in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The created nanostructure hybrids illuminate the mechanism of generating multiple-target, high-performance detection on a single NF platform, which opens a new avenue for array-based medical diagnostics.
Highlights
Hybrid gold nanostructures seeded into nanotextured zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoflowers (NFs) were created for novel biosensing applications
The agglutination of AuNPs into a ZnO nanostructure enables thiolated biomolecules to bind directly and selectively. These compatibilities permit the selective binding of a nucleic acid-based probe to the agglutinated AuNP for the specific bio-recognition of DNA hybrids expressed in the bacterial genome of pathogenic strains of Leptospira interrogans which leads to leptospirosis
A reason for this attenuation is that the increase in the thickness of the AuNP layer causes the accumulation of AuNPs on the surface of the ZnO NFs, eventually forming a continuous film
Summary
Hybrid gold nanostructures seeded into nanotextured zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoflowers (NFs) were created for novel biosensing applications. The agglutination of AuNPs into a ZnO nanostructure enables thiolated biomolecules to bind directly and selectively These compatibilities permit the selective binding of a nucleic acid-based probe to the agglutinated AuNP for the specific bio-recognition of DNA hybrids expressed in the bacterial genome of pathogenic strains of Leptospira interrogans which leads to leptospirosis. No published studies have been conducted on Leptospira detection using nanostructured biosensors To address these issues, a specific gene that is expressed only in pathogenic Leptospira: Hemolysis-associated protein-1 (Hap1)30—was selected for probe design and interactive analyses were performed by hybridization and mis-matching. A specific gene that is expressed only in pathogenic Leptospira: Hemolysis-associated protein-1 (Hap1)30—was selected for probe design and interactive analyses were performed by hybridization and mis-matching This detection strategy was implemented on a metal-oxide-nanoparticle-agglutinized nanowire, creating ‘spotted nanoflowers’ (NFs) that provide a sensing platform for multiple applications
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