Spoonful: Mobile Application for Reducing Household Food Waste using Fogg Behavior Model (FBM)

Abstract

Indonesia is the second largest food waste producer country in the world after Saudi Arabia. This condition is very worrying because food waste could impact on many aspects of people’s life including food security, economy and environment. One of the approaches to solve this problem is to make mobile application to change human consumption behavior. It was also found that majority of interaction designs for sustainable food consumption practices are not yet fully using behavior change theory (BCT) as a basis design decision making so that it cannot be ascertained the resulting design intervention can influence user behavior. Fogg Behavior Model (FBM) Theory provides an explanation regarding what factors can be used to change human behavior. This project aims to apply FBM theory to the development of application interaction design for reducing household food waste with user-centered design (UCD) approach that has been adapted. Low-fidelity and high-fidelity prototyping are also used in solution design stage of UCD. Output from this project is high-fidelity prototype of Spoonful with usability goals effective to use, easy to learn, and user experience goals helpful. Each of goals are measured with usability testing using task completion rate, Single Ease Question (SEQ) and Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) value/usefulness subscale. System Usability Scale (SUS) and self-evaluation of the theory of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) are also used for testing on overall usability and behavior change. The results show that the prototype is effective to use with success rate 94.3%, easy to learn with SEQ score 6.12 out of 7, helpful with IMI score for the value/usefulness subscale score of 6.59 out of 7, grade C acceptable with SUS score 74.58 out of 100 and help people to move to action stage from preparation stage with self-evaluation of TTM theory score 71.83 out of 80. FBM theory is very helpful and proven to provide better design justification for behavior change.